1Noor I. Dhaidan, B.Sc. and 2Ghada I. Taha, PhD
1Department of Basic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq. 2Department of Basic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq.
Corresponding author: Noor I. Dhaidan
E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Received 08 August, 2022.
Accepted for publication on August 31, 2022. *Rapid review process.
Published October 20, 2022.
Abstract
Background Peri-implant mucositis is a reversible inflammatory disorder of the soft tissue around functional dentals implant following the formation of biofilm around osseointegrated dental implants; Cathelicidins may directly harm Gram+ve/Gram-ve microorganisms and regulate the production of chemokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and anti-inflammatory cytokines to maintain pro- and anti-inflammatory response balances.
Objectives The aim of the present study is to determine the protective mechanism of cathelicidin LL-37 as an important member of innate immune system against bacterial deposits and uncontrolled inflammation by its immuno-modulatory effect.
Materials and Methods 80 participants in all, 40 of whom had healthy peri-implant tissue and 40 of whom had peri-implant mucositis; 42 men and 38 women attended at AL-Karama Specialized Dental Center and AL-Ma›amoun Specialized Dental Center, Baghdad, Iraq in the period between November 24, 2021 and May 25, 2022. The same 40 patients were followed up after three weeks to monitor and observe the progression of inflammation around the implant. For the analysis and detection of LL-37, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were applied.
Results When compared to the control group, patients with peri-implant mucositis showed no discernible difference in the levels of LL-37 (P value =0.670) after three weeks when healing abutment is installed, then increased non significantly (P value=0.083) following 3 weeks of adequate oral hygiene training and patients follow up.
Conclusion Present evidence suggests that cathelicidin has a restricted role as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory peptide and could not be utilized as prognostic criteria for detecting of peri-implant mucositis.
