¹Ahmed A. Malik, BDS. and ²Iman M. Al Zaka, MSc.
¹Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq. ²Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Corresponding author: Ahmed A. Malik
E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Received 01 August 2022.
Accepted for publication on September 18, 2022. *Rapid review process
Published November 08, 2022.

Abstract
Background Nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy was improved in endodontic treatments in the last ten years. Many processing techniques were developed to increase the mechanical features of NiTi endodontic instruments. A single-file approach was used in the reciprocating system that shapes and cleans the canal in less time while using a less antimicrobial solution with low apical pressure. Objectives to describe the reciprocating NiTi instruments with an overview of the comparison studies of these instruments in different subjects including; root canal cleaning and shaping, debris compaction and apical extrusion, dentin defects, and cyclic fatigue resistance. Materials and Methods the data was collected from 160 papers from the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases in the English language, without date restriction. Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria application, topic papers were critically appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program to identify the most relevant papers. This review of 82 papers included the related studies after excluding 78 unrelated papers. Results the reciprocating motion was shown to have fewer tendencies to canal transportation. It was discovered that the reciprocating instruments had decreased apical debris extrusion. The reciprocating instruments produced a lower risk of fracture during the preparation. Conclusion the reciprocation motion maintained the anatomical canal pathway and enhanced an instrument›s fracture resistance with less apical debris extrusion.

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